Which of the following is an example of low-level disinfection?

Low-level disinfection refers to methods that eliminate a limited number of pathogens, primarily vegetative bacteria and some viruses, but do not necessarily destroy spores or more resilient pathogens. Wiping surfaces with alcohol wipes exemplifies this because alcohol is effective at reducing the microbial load on surfaces, especially against bacteria and some viruses, but may not be as effective against spores.

Alcohol wipes are commonly used in healthcare settings to clean surfaces and equipment that come into contact with skin, making them a practical choice for low-level disinfection. They are easy to use and quick to dry, which is advantageous in environments where infection control is paramount.

In contrast, autoclaving surgical tools is a method of sterilization, which is designed to eliminate all microbial life, including spores. Using bleach on surfaces and vinegar for cleaning can also eliminate a broader spectrum of pathogens but may classify differently based on concentration and contact time. Bleach, specifically, is more potent and classified for high-level disinfection or even sterilization, depending on the context, while vinegar is often used for general cleaning but is less effective as a disinfectant.