Which structure connects the brain with the rest of the body to control movements?

The spinal cord is the key structure that connects the brain with the rest of the body, playing a vital role in controlling movements. It acts as a major conduit for signals traveling between the brain and peripheral nerves. When the brain sends a signal to initiate movement, that information travels down the spinal cord, which then relays these signals to the muscles, enabling motion.

The spinal cord is also responsible for reflex actions and contains neural pathways that facilitate communication between the brain and various parts of the body. Its role in the central nervous system is crucial for coordinating voluntary movements, responding to stimuli, and maintaining posture and balance.

While the brainstem does connect the brain to the spinal cord and other parts of the body, its primary function is more about regulating vital functions like breathing and heart rate, rather than directly controlling movements. The cerebellum coordinates muscle movements and balance but relies on the spinal cord to communicate with the rest of the body. Nerve endings facilitate communication with peripheral tissues but do not serve as the primary connection between the brain and body for movement control.